Building and Site RequirementsThere are a number of issues both new and existing museums need to consider. These include the use of space; control of the internal environment; visitor flow and comfort; building security; maintaining the integrity of any heritage features of the site or building; and staff comfort. Use of space Ideally, allow approximately one third of the space to work areas, collection storage and exhibitions. If retail facilities are planned, ensure that these are visually separate from exhibitions. Collection facilities Storage areas should be internal rooms. ‘Box within a box’ Allocate separate storage areas for different types of materials, where possible. Paper and textiles should be stored separately from metals and wood Block natural light in all museum areas where collection are stored or displayed Ensure the building is well ventilated and that the air is filtered for dust. Minimise temperature and Relative Humidity fluctuations Plan for building security. See ‘Security’ information sheet. Administration facilities Allocate a room for administrative facilities. Plan for curatorial space where staff can work without interruptions. Ideally, plan a research space where the public can use the museum’s reference library, resources, and appropriate collection information. If there are museum guides or attendants, ensure they have a comfortable place to sit; somewhere to store their belongings; a place to have refreshments, away from the collection. Visitor flow and comfort A single point of entry and exit for visitors. If the museum site consists of more than one building, minimise the number of doors used. This is for both security and climate control purposes. A group assembly area is advisable. This assists with managing school and group bookings. Provide seating at strategic points throughout the museum. Clean toilets, conveniently located. Disabled access and safety considerations are paramount. Heritage buildings Ensure that the heritage significance of any museum building or site is maintained and interpreted. This can present some challenges. It may seem that the demands of caring for a museum collection are not that compatible with the requirements of building conservation according to the Burra Charter. This issue requires careful consideration and planning. Future expansion The most common reasons for expansion are for additional work and storage space, and to house large machinery. Allow for expansion needs in any new building, if possible. Appropriate housing of machinery should protect against further deterioration (preventive conservation principles apply). This should, at the least, include a level, sealed floor and walls that provide protection from the elements. Allow space for interpretation of the machinery. Take into account the potential for archaeological research when planning any new buildings. References and further reading: Museums Australia Inc (NSW). Museum Methods; A Practical Guide for Managing Small Museums. Section 1.2 Building and site requirements Museums and Galleries Foundation of NSW